Pump



Aug. 21, 1951 Filed Jan. 11, 1946 J. D. DIETIKER PUMP Fig]

4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. JOHN D. DIETIKER ATTORNEY A 21, 1 51 J. D.MHKER- 2,56 08 PUMP Filed Jan. 11, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN TOR. JOHND. DIETIKER WXZW ATTORNEY J. D. DIETIKER Aug. 21, 1951 PUMP Filed Jan.11, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. JOHN D. DIETIKER ATTORNEY 21, 1951J. D. DIETIKER 2,565,208

' PUMP Filed Jan. 11, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. J OH N D. DIETIKERBY A ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 21, '1951 PUMP - John D. Dietiker, Detroit,Mich., assignor to -V1ckers Incorporated, Detroit, Mich., a corporationof Michigan Application January 11,1946, Serial No. 640,655

7 Claims. (Cl. 103-462) This invention relates to power transmissions,particularly to those of the type comprising two or more fluid pressureenergy translating devices, one of which may function as a pump andanother as a fluid motor. I

The present invention is particularly concerned with fluid pressureenergy translating devices of the axial piston type having a swingingtwo-arm yoke member for varying the displacement of the device.

In the past it has been customary to pivotally journal the yoke armswithin the casing member upon some stationary form of pintleconstruction also connected to the casing member. It has also been thepractice to connect inlet and outlet flanges in line with the pintleswhich extend beyond the housing, resulting in increasing the width ofthe pump at the pintles. This arrangement is found to be inadequate forcertain installations and, even where found adequate, when it becamenecessary to remove the pintle assembly for inspection or maintenance,the type of pintle assembly construction used combined with theconstructional arrangement of the inlet and outlet flanges proved to becumbersome.

It is an object of the present invention, therefore, to provide animproved pump or motor construction of the axial piston type having aswinging yoke for varying the displacement of the device wherein thewidth of the device is decreased at the pintles with consequentreduction in the weight and size of the pump.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide in pumps andmotors of this general class a pintle assembly for pivotally connectingthe yoke arms within the casing member of such a construction as to bein cartridge form easily insertable in and removable from the casing andyoke and, once removed, easily disassembled and reassembled.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pump ormotor of this general class of improved and more rugged, compact andreliable construction capable of satisfactory operation over a long anduseful life at extremely high pressures and high speeds.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparentfrom the following description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearlyshown.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross section of a fluid pressure energytranslating device embodying a preferred form of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the invention shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view of a portion of the invention shown inFigure 1. t

Figure 5 is a view of the valve plate incorporated in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a partial sectional view of the valve plate shown in Figure5 shown from the opposite side.

Figure 7 is a view taken on line 1-1 of Figure 5.

' Figure 8 is a view taken on line 8-8 of Figure 2.

Figure 9 is a broken sectional end view of the invention shown in Figure1.

Referring now to Figure 1, there is illustrated a pump of the variabledisplacement type comprising generally a main frame or casing member' l0having flange means 12 for attachment to a suitable support. The casingI0 is pro vided with radial anti-friction and thrust bearings l4 onwhich a main drive shaft I8 is journalled. A seal for the projecting endof the shaft I6 is provided for by a closure member 18. The shaft I6 isprovided with a socket flange 20 carrying a plurality of ball sockets 22in which are mounted ball-ended connecting rods 24 carryingreciprocating pistons 26.

The casing I0 is provided with two inwardlyprojecting tongues 28 and 30having similar bores 32 and 34 in alignment, respectively, with similarbores 36 and 38 formed in the side walls of the casing member I 0. Aninlet passage 39 is formed in the side walls of the housing Ill whichextends from the end of said housing opposite the shaft 16 laterally tobore 36, while a similar outlet passage 4| extends from the same end ofthe housing to bore 38. An inlet flange 43 and an outlet flange 45registering with passages 39 and 4|, respectively, are mounted on casingID by suitable bolts 41.

A yoke 40, to which is rigidly attached a valve plate 42 and which isprovided with duplicate arms 44 and 46 having similar bores 48 and 50,respectively, is pivotally connected by the arms 44 and 46 within thecasing member ID by means hereinafter described in such a manner thatthe yoke bores 48 and 50 are in alignment, respectively, with the casingbores 36 and 38.

A cylinder barrel 52, having a plurality of cylinder bores 54 in whichthe pistons 26 are reciprocable, is journalled on a ball bearing 56carried by a stud 58 which is rigidly secured to the valve plate 42 bymeans of a suitable bolt 59 threaded into the stud 58 and a pin Bldriven through the shaft and fitting into a slot 63 of within bore II4.

the valve plate 42, as is shown more clearly in Figure 5. Each cylinderbore 54 is provided with a cylinder port 60 opening to the bottom faceof the barrel 52, in Figure 1, which are adapted to cooperate with akidney-shaped intake port 62 in the valve plate 42 on the suction strokeof pistons 26 and with a similarly-shaped output port 64 thereinadjacent port 62 on the pressure stroke of said pistons as the barrel 52is rotated. The barrel 52 for this purpose is driven from the shaft I6through the medium of a Cardan shaft 66 having universal joints 68. Acoupling shaft I0, which is splined to match the drive shaft I6, isprovided for driving the pump. A light spring TI urges the shaft 66downwardly to take up any lost motion in the axial direction inherent inthe universal joints 68. Another light spring I3 mounted on the shaft 58tends to aid in urging proper contact between the opposite faces of thecylinder barrel 52 and the valve plate 42. I

As is more clearly shown in Figures 5, 6 and '7, the valve plate 42,which is rigidl secured to the yoke 40 by suitable bolts placed throughmounting holes I2 provided for that purpose, contains two parallellongitudinal bores I4 and I6, both of which are in communication withintake and output ports 62 and 64. The valve plate 42 also is providedwith two transverse ports I8 and 80 adjacent to each other locatedbetween one end of the valve plate 42 and intake port 62, the formerbeing in communication with bore I4 and the latter with bore I6. Inaddition, two similar transverse ports 82 and 84 are located between theopposite end of valve plate 42 and output port 64, the former being incommunication with bore I4 and the latter with bore "I6. Two suitablerelief valve assemblies 86 and 88 are mounted inversely to each other inbores I4 and I6, and the bores are closed at each end by suitable plugs90.

As shown in Figure 1, transverse ports I8 and 80 register with duplicatepassages 92 in the yoke body, one only of which is shown in dottedlines, which extend into the arm 44 of said yoke and finally communicatewith bore 48. Likewise, transverse ports 82 and 84 register withduplicate passages 94 in the yoke body, one only of which is shown indotted lines, which extend into the other arm 46 of said yoke andfinally communicate with bore 50.

Due to the fact that the methods of pivotally connecting the arms 44 and46 within the casing member I are identical, an explanation ofconnecting one of said arms will suflice.

The bore 48 of arm 44 is provided with a sleeve 96 having a shoulder 98resting on a shoulder I00 within bore 48 and is locked into arm 44 bymeans of a pin IOI. An additional sleeve I02 having a plurality of portsI04 and a shoulder I06 is also inserted in bore 48 with shoulder I06resting on shoulder I00 and abutting shoulder 98 of sleeve 96. When '50inserted, ports I04 register with the yoke arm passages 92. A pintleassembly I08, shown in Figure 4, is then inserted within bore 48 andwithin sleeves 96 and I02 with the assembly I08 being held within saidbore and sleeves by use of a snap ring IIO.

As is shown in Figure 4, pintle assembly I08 comprises a cylindricalpintle H2 having a longitudinal bore I I4 closed at its open end bymeans of a plug II6 which may be hydrogen-brazed Pintle I I2 is providedwith a plurality of ports II8 intersecting bore II4 adapted to registerwith ports I04 of sleeve I02 and with a plurality of ports I20 alsointersecting bore II4 adapted to register with a plurality of ports I22in a sleeve I24 surrounding the upper periphery of pintle H2, in Figure4. Duplicate split-type expansion seals I26 and I28 surround pintle II2,although other suitable seals may be used, and are spaced apart by meansof a light spring I30 so that ring seal I26 abuts the upper side of aflange I32 on pintle H2 and seal I28 abuts the inner end of sleeve I24.Suitable seals I33 and I35 surround the outer periphery of sleeve I24above and below ports I22, and a suitable seal I3I is provided forpintle H2 adjacent to seal I33. A loose-fitting pin I34 and a snap ringI36 securely lock the members of the assembly in assembled position.

It should be noted that, by providing a separate sleeve for and forminga flange on the pintle I I2, proper abutment members are automaticallyprovided for the duplicate sealing rings I26 and I28 which, togetherwith the spring I30, become an integral part of the cartridge uponassembly. When assembling, the cartridge seals I26 and I28 spaced apartby spring I30 may be mounted on the pintle II2 with seal I26 abuttingthe upperside of flange I32. When sleeve I24 is positioned upon pintleH2 and connected thereto by means of loose-fitting pin I34 and snap ringI36 so that ports I20 and I22 of pintle H2 and sleeve I24, respectively,register with each other, the inner extremity of sleeve I24 forms anabutment for ring seal I28. With the pintle and sleeve thus connected,spring I30 not only properly spaces apart the seals I26 and I28 aboveand below ports I I8 permitting communication between ports I I8 andports I04 of sleeve I02, but also holds the same in abutment againstflange I32 and the inner end of sleeve I24.

A threaded bore I38 is provided at the closed end of pintle II2 forconvenience in threading a proper tool therein for easy removal of thecomplete assembly I08 simply by removing snap ring IIO. Once theassembly I08 is removed, it may be easily disassembled simply byremoving pin I34, shifting sleeve I24 against the slight resistanceoffered by spring I30 and removing snap ring I36. The point of insertionof assembly I08 is limited by a shoulder I40 of sleeve I24 forming anabutment against a shoulder I42 formed within bore 36 of casing I0.

A hearing I44, resting on the flange I 32 of pintle H2 and shoulders 98and I06 of sleeves 96 and I02, respectively, and abutting the outerperiphery of pintle H2 and the inner periphery of sleeve 96, providesfor proper pivotal bearing movement of yoke 40.

Referring now to Figures 1, 5 and 6, pintle assembly I08 serves topivotally connect the yoke 40 within the casing member I0 in such amanner that fluid will be conducted on the suction stroke of pistons 26through inlet passage 39 and ports I22 and I20 of sleeve I24 and pintleII2, respectively, to bore II4 of pintle II2. From bore I I4, fluid isconducted through ports I I8 and I04 of pintle H2 and sleeve I02,respectively, and by means of yoke passages 92 to ports I8 and of valveplate 42 and within such valve plate to bores I4 and I6.

The resistance offered by relief valve 88 and the fact that the flow isblocked in the opposite direction by relief valve 86 prevents fluid fromentering ports 82 and 84 and fluid enters the cylinder bores 54containing the pistons 26 acting on the suction stroke by means ofintake port 62 in valve plate 42. As the barrel 52 rotates,

the fluid is forced out of bores 54 on the pressure stroke of pistons 26to bores I4 and 16 of valve plate 42 by means of output pqrt 64 Where,inversely, the resistance offered by relief valve 86 and the blocking offluid flow 'btprelief valve 88 prevents fluid from flowing through portsI8 and 80. Pressure fluid is then conducted by means of ports 82 and 84of plate 42 to yoke passages 94 which register therewith and by means ofpas sages 94 to bore H4 of the opposite pintle II2 by means ofcorresponding ports I04 and H8, respectively, in the correspondingsleeve I02 and pintle II2. through corresponding ports I20 and I22,respectively, of corresponding pintle H2 and sleeve I02 to outletpassage 4| and thence to outlet 45.

In order to vary the volume of fluid according to pressure requirements.suitable means may be provided to automatically regulate the movement ofthe yoke which in turn changes the angle between the cylinder barrel andthe main drive shaft.

As is more clearly shown in Figures 3, 8 and 9, a pressure control bodyI46, containing suitable pressure control mechanisms, not shown, ismounted on casing member I between inlet flange 43 and outlet flange 45.Pressure control body I46 has a portion I48 extending into a bore I50.Portion I48 may contain suitable pressure responsive mechanism I52linked to yoke 40 capable of shifting the angle of. yoke 40 toward theneutral position after a. predetermined pressure has been reached.

As is more clearly shown in Figures 3 and 9, at the end of casing memberI0 on which control body I46 is mounted, a passage I54 extendscompletely through casing member I0 and is closed by suitable plugs I56.Duplicate passages I58 and I60 are provided which extend from the end ofcasing member I8, passage I58 communieating directly with passage I54and inlet passage 39, while passage I60 communicates directly withpassage I54 and outlet passage 4'. Another passage IE2 is connected topassage I54 and is adapted to register with ports, not shown. in controlbody I46. Duplicate check valves I63 and IE4 are mounted in passages I58and I60 for permitting the pressure controlling mechanism to beeffective in either direction of rotation of shaft I6. The inversemounting of the relief valves 86 and 88 makes the valve plate portingimmediately adaptable without any change to this reversal of rotation ofshaft I6, while check valves I52 and I64 permit the pressure regulatingmechanism to be equally effective for shifting the yoke in case of suchreversal of rotation.

It should be noted that the placing of the inlet and outlet flanges atthe end of the casing member does not in any way increase the length ofthe pump because of the fact that the pressure control body mounted onthe casing member extends out to a distance equal to the extendeddistance of the inlet and outlet flanges. The placing of these flangesat the end of the pump does, however, greatly reduce the width of thepump at the pintles.

It should also be noted that the pintle assembly is completely removablefrom the casing member and the arms of the yoke simply by threading aproper pintle removal tool in the bore provided for that purpose andremoving the snap ring fitting into a groove in the casing. Also it isimportant to not that, upon removal of the From bore II4, fluid isconducted complete assembly, it is a simple matter to disassemble andreassemble the same.

It should also be noted that, because of the inverse mounting theduplicate relief valves in the valve plate, the device is readilyadaptable for reverse rotation of the drive shaft simply by rearrangingthe inlet and outlet flanges. In addition, the pressure regulatingmechanism which changes the angle of the yoke toward a neutral positionafter a certain range of pressure has been reached is readily adaptablewithout any changes in the device for reverse rotation of the pump. Thisimmediate adaptation to reverse rotation of the device is made possibleby use of the novel mounting arrangement of the duplicate check valveswhich permits pressure fluid being delivered by the pump on the pressurestroke of the pistons, no matter what the direction of rotation of themain drive shaft, to enter the pressure control body from the casingconduit being used as an outlet and preventing reverse flow through thecasing conduit being used as an inlet passage.

While the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosedconstitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other formsmight be adopted, all coming Within the scope of the claims whichfollow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. In a fluid pressure energy translating device of the variabledisplacement type, the combination of a casing for the device includinginlet and outlet connections, a two-armed swinging yoke having inlet andoutlet passages formed in its arms, means for transferring fluid fromthe inlet passage to the outlet passages, hollow pintle bearing meansassociated with the casing and with said arms to provide a pivot for theyoke and to conduct fluid into and out of said passages, said pintlemeans being located for removal from the casing without disturbing theinlet and outlet connections, and means including fluid conduitsextendingtransversely to the axis of said pintle bearing means at apoint closely adjacent the yoke arms for carrying fluid between thehollow pintle bearing means and the inlet and outlet connections.

2. In a fluid pressure energy translating device of the variabledisplacement type, the combination of a casing for the device includinginlet and outlet connections, a two-armed swinging yoke having inlet andoutlet passages formed in its arms, means for transferring fluid fromthe inlet passage to the outlet passage, a unitary pintle cartridgeassembly having sealing means formed as an integral part thereofassociated with the casing and with said arms to provide a pivot for theyoke and to conduct fluid into and out of said passages, said cartridgeassembly being located for removal from the casing without disturbingthe inlet and outlet connections, and means including fluid conduitsextending transversely to the axis of said pintle cartridge at a pointclosely adjacent the yoke arms for carry-- ing fluid between the pintlecartridge and the inlet and outlet connections.

3. In a fluid pressure energy translating device of the variabledisplacement type, the combination of a casing for the device includinginlet and outlet connections, a two-armed swinging yoke having inlet andoutlet passages formed in its arms, means for transferring fluid fromthe inlet passage to the outlet passage, a unitary pintle cartridgeassembly having an internal cylindrical cavity mounted in the casing andproamazes viding journals within the casing upon which the yoke arms arepivotally mountable, said cartridge assembly being located for removalfrom the oasing without disturbing the inlet and outlet cannections,means including fluid conduits extending transversely to the axis ofsaid cartridge assembly at a point closely adjacent the yoke arms, and aplurality of ports in said cartridge in communication with said cavityregistering with the yoke passages and with the casing fluid conduitsfor carrying fluid from the inlet connection to the yoke and from theyoke to the outlet connection.

4. In a fluid pressure energy translating device of the variabledisplacement type, the combination of a casing for the device having aremovable access cover, a two-armed swinging yoke having inlet andoutlet passages formed in its arms, means for transferring fluid fromthe inlet passage to the outlet passage, hollow pintle bearing meansassociated with the casing and with said arms to provide a pivot for theyoke and to conduct fluid into and out of said passages, inlet andoutlet connections formed in the casing, and means including fluidconduits extending to said pintle bearing means at a point closelyadjacent the yoke arms for carrying fluid between the hollow pintlebearing means and the inlet and outlet connections, said pintles beingremovable from the exterior of the casing without disturbing the inletand outlet connections whereby the yoke may be removed from the casingupon removal of the access cover while the inlet and outlet connectionsremain connected.

5. In a fluid pressure energy translating device of the variabledisplacement type, the combination of a casing for the device, inlet andoutlet connections formed therein, means forming a pair of duplicatebores in said casing, duplicate conduits extending from said connectionsto the bores, a two-armed swinging yoke, inlet and outlet ports formedtherein, means for transferring fluid from the inlet port to the outletport, means forming a bore in each arm adapted to register with thecasing bores, inlet and outlet passages in said arms extending from theyoke inlet and outlet ports to the yoke bores, cylindrical pintlebearing means having an internal cavity stationarily mountable withinthe casing bores and extending into the yoke arm bores providing a pivottherefor, a first plurality of ports in said pintle means intersectingsaid cavity and registering with the casing inlet and outlet conduitsfor conducting fluid from the inlet connection to the pintle cavity andfrom the pintle cavity to the outlet connection, and a second pluralityof ports in said pintle means also intersecting the cavity andregistering with the yoke arm inlet and outlet passages for carryingfluid to and from the cavity and the yoke inlet and outlet ports.

6. In a fluid pressure energy translating device of the variabledisplacement type, the combination of a casing for the device, inlet andoutlet connections formed in one end of the casing, means forming a pairof duplicate bores in the sides of said casing, a two-armed swingingyoke, inlet and outlet ports formed therein, means for transferringfluid from the inlet port to the outlet port. means forming a bore ineach arm adapted to register with the casing bores, inlet and outletpassages in said arms extending from the yoke inlet and outlet ports tothe yoke bores, cylindrical pintle bearing means having an internalcavity stationarily mountable within the casing bores and extending intothe yoke arm bores providing a pivot therefor, duplicate conduitsconnected to the casing inlet and outlet connections and extendinglaterally in the side walls of the casing to the casing bores at a,point closely adjacent the yoke arms, a first plurality of ports in saidpintle means intersecting said cavity and registering with the casinginlet and outlet conduits for conducting fluid from the inlet connectionto the pintle cavity and from the pintle cavity to the outletconnection, and a second plurality of ports in said pintle means alsointersecting the cavity and registering with the yoke arm inlet andoutlet passages for carrying fluid to and from the cavity and the yokeinlet and outlet ports.

7. In a fluid pressure energy translating device of the variabledisplacement type, the combination of a casing for the device includinginlet and outlet connections, a two-armed swinging yoke having inlet andoutlet passages formed in its arms, means for transferring fluid fromthe inlet passage to the outlet passage, pintle hearing means mountedwithin the casing and providing journals upon which the yoke arms arepivotally connected, said pintle bearing means being located for removalfrom the casing without disturbing the inlet and outlet connections,said pintle bearing means having an internal cylindrical cavity and afirst plurality of ports and a second plurality of ports incommunication with the cavity, said first plurality of ports registeringwith the yoke arm inlet and outlet passages for conducting fluid betweenthe pintle REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record inthe file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 372,069 Home Oct. 25, 18871,835,877 Joyce Dec. 8, 1931 2,155,460 Wishart Apr. 25, 1939 2,277,570Vickers Mar. 24, 1942 2,288,768 Zimmerman July 7, 1942 2,313,407 VickersMar. 9, 1943

